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人类创造历史，却常遗忘历史。十四至十六世纪时期的人文主义，在欧洲文化史上扮演一个重要的角色。在经历千年灰暗的中古世纪后，意欲以「人」为主体，在所有的知识形式上，包括政治、宗教、哲学、文学、甚至是教育，创造一个新的社会文化时代。
Abstract
人类创造历史，却常遗忘历史。十四至十六世纪时期的人文主义，在欧洲文化史上扮演一个重要的角色。在经历千年灰暗的中古世纪后，意欲以「人」为主体，在所有的知识形式上，包括政治、宗教、哲学、文学、甚至是教育，创造一个新的社会文化时代。本文首先探讨文艺复兴时期的时代背景，包括政治、经济、社会和文化面向，以分析智识和教育发展的因素，其次针对当时重要的教育思想和教育活动，加以整理、分析、综合、理解和探讨关于礼的实践。
再者，依据古时朱子的童蒙教育思想，探讨文献先秦之前小学礼教的原貌，并以「学为圣贤」作为童蒙教育的理想。在学习内容上，乃是以「明伦之事」、「敬身之事」与「六艺之文」三者，作为童蒙教育阶段学习的基本科目；依据朱熹的《童蒙须知》，步骤上则是先依德行，而后学文的顺序来进行。教童蒙以“德”、“行”为重点，即是藉由生活仪节的践履，习得明伦之事与敬身之事；进入学校教育后，则进而诵诗读书，学习六艺之文，奠定幼学根基，为未来大学成圣贤教育做准备。朱子更认为女子亦应受教，在教育目标上，根据其未来角色的不同，有「为贤女」、「为贤妻」及「为贤母」三者。论文更借重探求朱熹《童蒙须知》的文献研究，研究其童蒙教育思想的内涵，及其对后代的影响。重申教育思想中先礼而后教的其基本含义。
本论文的旨趣，即在理解和探究不同时期的教育思想和实践。希望能就对探讨在不同时期、不同文化背景针对当时重要的教育思想和教育活动，加以整理、分析、综合、理解和探讨关于礼的实践。根据研究发现和启示，作为目前或未来礼与教，合而不分的教育理念实践的建议。
关键词：教育伦理；礼教合一；道德教育；德行伦理学；道德教育实践
Abstract
Human beings create the history, and always forget the history. The humanism between 14th and 16th century played an important role in European culture. After experiencing the middle and ancient century in the dark for a thousand years, people intended to create a new social and cultural age with the main body of [human being] on each knowledge pattern, including politics, religion, philosophy, literature and even education. The paper firstly discusses the age background of renaissance period, covering politics, economy, society and culture to analyze the development factors of intelligence and education and then finishes, analyzes, summarizes, understands and discusses the practice related to etiquette against import educational thought and activities at that time.
Secondly, the paper discusses the original appearance of primary ethical codes before Qin dynasty takes the concept that [learning is virtue] as the ideal of enlightening education based on the enlightening education thought of Zhu Zi in the ancient age. For learning content, the basic subjects of enlightening education stage are [etiquette], [respect] and [content of Six Skills]. The procedure is that morality comes first and knowledge learning follows according to Notice of Enlightening Education of Zhu Xi; the enlightening education focuses on “morality” and “behavior”, which are practice of life etiquette to understand etiquette and respect; after entering school education, poems, books and the content of Six Skills are taught to set the foundation of learning in the children period and prepare for the virtue education in the future. Zhu Zi also thought that girls should also accept education. With regard to education goal, there are [being a virtuous girl], [being a virtuous wife] and [being a virtuous mother] upon the different roles in the future. The paper further focuses on discussing the literature research of Notice of Enlightening Education of Zhu Xi, to research the connotation of enlightening education thought and its influences on the next generation. The paper restates the basic meanings of education thought which teaching comes after etiquette.
The paper aims to understand and explore the educational thought and practice in different periods, hoping to finish, analyze, summarize, understand and discuss the practice related to etiquette against import education thought and activities at that time in different periods and under different cultural backgrounds. In this way, the advice for the education philosophy and practice combining etiquette and teaching in the current age or in the future is formed in accordance with the researches and enlightenment.
Key word: education ethic; combination of etiquette and teaching; moral education; morality and behavior ethnics; practice of moral education
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