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中英文对照翻译：社会和谐的本质属性是有中国特色的社会主义，为国家富强，民族的发展和人们的幸福的重要保障。
English Test for Postgraduates of Ideological and Political Education
1.Translate the following passage into Chinese. (40%)
英国国会面临严重危机，但这并非威斯敏斯特体制政府的危机，而是此种管理体系的特征。国会议员虚高的经费账单被揭发展示出来，引起了公众极大的抗议和不满，他们在此之前就对此深怀疑问。《每日邮报》的专栏作家梅勒妮•菲利普在评论时直击其要害，她总结到：“这并非制度本身的错，而是国会议员滥用了职权，这一点不容忽视。这不是宪政问题，而是一场道德危机。”
菲利普的言论固然正确，但公众又怎么能够要求国会议员将责任建立在道德的基础上？问题就在于此。国会的道德危机对于整个社会范围内更为泛滥的道德危机而言，其实只是冰山一角。如果国会议员不能为自己树立道德标杆，我们又如何要求他们为将自己选进国会的人民树立道德标杆？正如菲利普所言：“社会已经让国会尝到了应得的苦头。我们只有阻止道德危机在文化中继续蔓延，才能让国会正确运转。”
道德面临的一个主要问题在于，如果没有人担起责任，来确定和履行关乎是非对错的道德准则，那么道德就会沦落为一个毫无意义的空词。而道德是一个由行为原则或准则构成的体系，为人类所认可。现如今，我们“丰富了的文化”用实例证明了这些行为规范的贬值，我们理应遵循的行为准则再也不能唤起人们的共识。
英国国教对现在的骚动做出了反应，他的反应为我们提供了一个窗口，透过这个窗口我们能够发现这个问题的深刻影响。坎特伯雷大主教罗恩•威廉斯博士并未代表英国政治家，依据道德准则，向人们发出勇于承担责任的号召。事实上，他采取了较为缓和轻松地方式，他表示：“让我们团结起来携手共进。国会议员们已经从中吸取了教训，我们无须再责难他们。”我们没有必要再给行为规范下定义，这些应该是政治领袖要躬亲示范的。我们“丰富了的文化”本该由国会议员全体来领导，可他们却玩忽职守，并向世人昭示道德对于此，意义微乎其微。
在全国范围内，宗教已不再被看做道德的真正源泉，这是不是该件事的起因吗？在一些宗教机构中不断揭露出来的性虐待丑闻毫无疑问又为目前可悲现状增加了浓重的一笔。
英国国会的实例绝佳地解释了，道德是如何在我们现今的生活中沦丧的。无论是国会议员还是国家宗教机构都没能转向道德准则——这一简单而又直率的主体——求救，而在过去的一千年里，人们恰恰却是这么做的。而政府就像现代的亚当一样，宣称它需要一套全新的准则和程序，可以让它亲自起草并通过，进而实现自治。
不幸的是，这绝对不是一个行之有效的方案。我们只有准备好并就道德的源泉达成共识，才能够阻止这场道德危机继续蔓延升级，否则它将终结我们的文化。
2.Translate the following passage into English. (40%)
社会和谐的本质属性是有中国特色的社会主义，为国家富强，民族的发展和人们的幸福的重要保障。我们党以马列主义，毛泽东思想，邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想， “三个代表”理论为指导，落实科学发展观，建设社会主义和谐社会，这是伟大的战略完全任务提出了我们党从社会主义事业的总体布局，具有中国特色的全面建设小康社会和全球。它反映了使中国富强，民主，文明，和谐的社会主义现代化国家的内在要求，体现了全党和全国各民族人民的共同心愿。
社会和谐是我们党不懈奋斗的目标。我们党提高社会和谐进行了艰辛探索，积累的正面和负面的经验，并在1949年新中国成立以来，实现了重要的改进。我们党不断推进改革开放和现代化建设，积极推动经济发展和社会全面进步，使常数和巨大的努力，第十一届中国共产党十一届三中全会以来，以改善社会和谐。我们党拥有社会和谐不断进一步的了解，明确了建设社会主义和谐社会在中国特色社会主义事业总体布局和位置作出的一系列决策和部署，推动建设社会主义和谐社会和中国共产党十六大以来的新成就。我们拥有多样化的优势，为建设社会主义和谐社会经过长时间的巨大努力。
我们面临着前所未有的发展机遇和前所未有的挑战，在新世纪新阶段。和平，发展，合作成为时代潮流和世界多极化和经济全球化的趋势得到进一步的发展和进步的科学和技术的变化迅速。同时，我们仍然会面临的压力所造成的经济和科学等发达国家主导的国际环境复杂多变，综合国力的竞争变得日益激烈，影响和平与发展的不稳定，不确定因素变得越来越多。随着逐步完善我国社会主义市场经济体制，建设社会主义物质文明，政治和意识形态的建设和党的建设不断加强，综合国力大大增强，人民生活明显改善，同时，社会政治保持稳定很长一段时间。同时，我国将在很长一段时间的原则问题，中国社会的社会主义初级阶段的人民日益增长的物质和文化需求和低的社会生产之间的差距。因此，艰巨繁重的任务的不同部分的利益通盘考虑。它的深刻改革经济体制，社会结构的深刻变化，利益格局深刻调整，思想观念的深刻变化，特别是我国已进入改革发展的关键时期，应注意到。这种空前的社会改革提供了伟大的活力，而我们国家的发展带来不可避免的各种各样的矛盾和问题。我们党带领人民抓住机遇，回应挑战和推进有中国特色的社会主义伟大事业。同时，我们必须坚持以经济建设为中心，把社会主义和谐社会建设进入了更加突出的位置。
The social harmony is the essential attribute of the socialism with Chinese characteristics and the important guarantee for the state prosperity, national development and the happiness of people. Our Party takes the Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought, Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thoughts of “Three Represents” Theory as guidance and carries out the Scientific Concept of Development completely for the construction of the socialist harmonious society, which is the great strategic task put forward by our Party from the overall layout of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics and the global of building a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way. It reflects the inner requirements for making China a prosperous, strong, democratic, civilized and harmonious modern socialist country and embodies the common wish of the whole Party and the people of all the nationalities.
The social harmony is the objective of the unremitting struggle of our Party. Our Party carries out the hard exploration for improving the social harmony, accumulates both the positive and negative experience and achieves the important improvements since the New China was founded in 1949. Our Party constantly promotes the reform and opening and modernization construction, actively promotes the economic development and overall social progress and makes the constant and great efforts to improve the social harmony since the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CCP. Our Party owns the further understanding to the social harmony continuously, clarifies the position of the construction of the socialist harmonious society in the overall layout of the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics and makes a series of decisions and deployments to promote the construction of the socialist harmonious society and get new achievements since the 16th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. We own varied advantages for the construction of the socialist harmonious society after the long-time great efforts.
We face the unprecedented development opportunity as well as the unprecedented challenges on the new stage in the new century. Peace, development and cooperation become the times tide and the trend of the world multipolarization and economic globalization gets the further development and the progress of the science and technology changes quickly. Meanwhile, we will still face the pressure caused by the economic and scientific etc. dominance of the developed countries as the international environment is complicated and variable, the competition in overall national strength becomes fierce increasingly and the unstable and uncertain factors affecting the peace and development become more and more. With the gradual perfection of our socialist market economy system, the continuously strengthened construction of socialist material civilization, political and ideological civilization and Party construction, our overall national strength increases greatly and the living of the people is improved obviously, meanwhile, the social politics keep stable for a long time. Meanwhile, our country is and will be in the primary stage of the socialism for a long time and the principle problem of Chinese society is the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural demands of the people and the low level of social production. Therefore, the task of the overall consideration for the interest of the varied parts is arduous and onerous. It shall be noticed especially that our country has entered the key period of the reform and development with the profound reform of the economic system, the profound change of the social structure, the profound adjustment of the interest pattern and the profound change of the ideological concept. This unprecedented social reform provides the development of our country for great vigor while bringing in the inevitable varied contradictions and problems. Our Party shall lead people to seize the opportunity, reply challenges and push forward the great socialist cause with Chinese characteristics. Meanwhile, we must insist on taking the economic construction as the center and puts the construction of the socialist harmonious society into the more prominent position.
3.Write a short composition for about 300 words.(20%)
Construction of Harmonious Society构建和谐社会
和谐社会成为一个流行的词在我们的生活中，特别是在最近几年，越来越多的人，事，物都参与此事。但是，什么是和谐社会，如何在建设的过程中，我们还可以做吗？在我看来，它是我们每个人都生活在社会中思考的一个问题。
总之，社会是如何看起来像吗？也许在一些人的思想中，它仅仅是一个字涉及政治，我们的政府或领导人。我们总是期望一个人能带领我们进入和谐社会，甚至会带来直接的和谐社会给我们的生活。这是荒谬的，是不是？首先，和谐社会不仅是某些人的某些任务，但对我们所有人共同的目标，那么它绝对不会被某人所带来的，而是由所有人民的共同努力。不管是什么事情在我们的生活中，知道它是什么，总是最基础的一步，那么我们也许能够有更进一步的认识和更具体的措施行使。
第一步后，我们应思考下一步的动作锻炼。就个人而言，我们可以做很多事情，从根本上说，也就是在我们的日常生活中，一些小的行动。在开始的时候，我们应该提高我们的文化的标准，我们学习，我们可能会为社会，那么，我们应该采取更多的关心我们的环境，包括人与环境，只有一个或几个部分成为更大的贡献的和谐不能意味着真正的本质，只有我们所有的人，至少是大多数，我们和谐共处的梦想是可以实现的。
最后，我相信，我们已经有一个主对和谐社会的认知，但是，有一个很长的路要走，我们去。作为深入开展构建和谐社会的意义，每个人都应该尽最大努力实现这一目标做出更大的贡献。
Harmonious society becomes one of the popular words in our life, especially in recent years, more and more people, events and things are involved in this. However, what is a harmonious society and how could we do in the process of constructing it? In my opinion, it is a question to be pondered by each of us living in the society.
Above all, how is the society looks like? Maybe in some people’s thoughts, it is only a word related to politics, our government or leaders. We always expect one person can lead us into harmonious society or even bring the harmonious society directly to our life. That is ridiculous, isn’t it? Firstly, harmonious society is not only a certain task for certain people, but a common aim for all of us; then it will absolutely not be brought by someone, but by all of people’s joint efforts. No matter what things in our life, knowing what it is always the most basic step, and then we may be able to have a further understanding on it and more concrete measures for exercising it.
After the first step, we should think over about the next action for exercising. Personally, we can do many things fundamentally, namely, some small actions in our daily life. At the beginning, we should improve our standard of the culture and the more we learn, the greater contribution we may make for the society; then we should take more care of our surroundings, including people and environment, as just one or several parts becoming harmonious cannot mean the real essence of that, only all of us, at least most of us live harmoniously, the dream can come true.
Finally, I believe that we have had a primary cognition for harmonious society; however, there is a long way for us to go. As deeply undertaking the significance of building a harmonious society, every one should try our best to make greater contributions to realizing this goal.
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